Essay on My Path to Public Health - 1267 Words

My interest in public health stems from my interest in healthcare. While growing up, I have seen family members suffer from maladies and were later able to, through the attentive care of the skilled physicians, enjoy life more freely. As a high school student, I enjoyed different science courses from Advanced Topic Biology, Health, and Human Diseases to Medical Diagnosis, Genetics, and AP Psychology. I was in awe at the way our body worked, how our body is so strong, and yet so vulnerable. During the beginning of my undergraduate study, I majored in Biology and took Pre-Professional Medicine courses in order to study more about our body and the mechanisms that occur inside of us. When I transferred to NYU, I changed my major to economics†¦show more content†¦Currently, I work for both Dr. Martha Radford and Dr. Michael Phillips as a Clinical Quality and Effectiveness staff at NYU Langone Medical Center. My main responsibility is to analyze clinical data from databases, such as UHC Clinical Data Base and DSS, and to build reports analyzing the different aspects of hospital operations. Practitioners can then utilize these evaluations to achieve safer and better care. I also independently make systematic observations of hand hygiene opportunities at the hospital. By being informed of instances where the hand hygiene opportunities were not observed or where the rate of proper hand hygiene is low, practitioners can help prevent further spread of diseases. Working at NYULMC has fully convinced me that a public health education is necessary because public health supplements clinical medicine: it focuses on the population first in order to better focus on individuals, to help further prevent and cure illnesses. By understanding what is happening, what are the determinants, and what are the aspects that can be improved on to ensure better patient experience on the population and individual levels, practitioners can lower undesirable outcome counts. As an undergraduate at NYU, my education did not focus specifically on public health. Although I do have some background in the healthcare field, my experience was more related to clinical medicine where interaction with the patients was a main component. While whatShow MoreRelatedMy Life - Original Writing Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesMy sweaty body stuck to the plastic chair as I eyed the forbidden glass of ice water. Slowly, my fingertips inched across the table, brushing against the cool surface, before they were brusquely swatted away by my mother. â€Å"Don’t even think about it.† She hissed under her breath, and then gave me the warning look that all mothers across the globe have mastered. It was the summer of 2000 and my family was visiting relatives in my parent’s native country, Vietnam. Being so young, I was less concernedRead MoreDecember 30, 2014 Was A Day I Almost Lost Everything. This1450 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 30, 2014 was a day I almost lost everything. This cold and rainy Thursday evening, I received a call from my twin sister, which was out of the norm. She called me apologizing for being distant the few months prior and to say she loved me. Instantly, I knew something was wrong. Two minutes into the conversation, I realized my worst nightmare was about to become a reality; she was preparing to attempt suicide. I began to assure her that she was loved, but then I heard the most alarming wordsRead MoreWhat I Have Wonderful Memories Of Public Health Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesGrowing in the 80s in Lagos, Nigeria was what I equate to a game of public health Russian roulette; with waterborne illness such as cholera and dysentery lurking is e very other cup of water, or typhoid and other communicable disease residing in overcrowded buses and the ever growing fear of inadequate access to care in the event of developing a chronic illness that could not be treated by over the counter antibiotics or medication from the local chemist or herbalist. Nevertheless, I have wonderfulRead MoreLife : The Unexpected Adventure1533 Words   |  7 PagesLife is an adventure! With paths that twist and turn; though heavy underbrush and dark forest, all leading toward junctions where key discussions are made. Through those paths led though different educational opportunities. 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The idea that these microscopic agents bring so much havoc into a person’s life attracted me; they are able toRead MoreLife : The Unexpected Adventure1465 Words   |  6 PagesLife the Unexpected Adventure The unexpected paths mark the journey to a lifetime of adventure. Heavy underbrush and dark forest mark the route, leading to clearings where ideas and opportunities soar. Even though, my way has crossed by different educational opportunities, unforeseen events, brambles and dead ends block the way. While I had an idea of the future while I was young, it did not come to fruition until a special someone began walking the path beside me. All though education highway is vitalRead MoreI Am On A Mission Trip From The Summer Between My Sophomore And Junior Years. High School1348 Words   |  6 Pagessummer between my sophomore and junior years in high school, I went on a mission trip to Haiti. It was a year after the earthquake, and everything was still completely destroyed. I couldn t have imagined what I saw; the extreme poverty and disparity was beyond words. And when I got back home, I couldn t imagine a life in which I forgot what I had just seen or lived no differently than before. That trip ignited a passion for fighting poverty, disparity, hunger and disease. It opened my eyes and refocusedRead MoreMy Reflection On My Life At Bangladesh Fueled Passion Of Public Health1533 Words   |  7 PagesMy 2012 trip to Bangladesh fueled my passion in public health. It was extremely eye opening to all the health inequalities that humans suffer throughout the world. During my visit, I reconnected with my uncle, who was born blind. His acceptance of adversity with remarkable stoicism amazes me and as my first time seeing him as an adult, I realized how unprepared I was to help him. By admitting to my lack of knowledge to a life so different than mine, I asked him a series of questions to obtain a betterRead MoreMy Topic For This Research Was Health Administration. 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During my experience as a surgical technician I had to properly care for patients, be knowledgeable of several medical procedures, and be CPR certified. Caring for

Access Of Mental Health Care - 1105 Words

Access to Mental Health Care Headlines worldwide will read of another School Shooting because of a mentally ill person before long. Extra security and drills have placed a Band-Aid on the problem, but this kind of wound needs to be fixed at its source. Access to mental health care is seriously lacking in this country and it is because of the stigma that surrounds mental illnesses which causes people to stray away from treatment. There are not enough mental health care physicians in any given area, and even if there was it cost too much because of the unequal division of government funding. Lives will continue to be lost as long as these problems regarding access to mental health care remain. Mental illness is a taboo subject in our society. It is something that too often gets overlooked because these types of ailments do not bleed . The negative stigma that surrounds mental illnesses prevents access to care for those in need because either themselves or those around them don’t want to believe that they have one. Mental illnesses are not seen in the same light as a common cold or the chicken pox. If someone have a mental illness, they are seen as broken and potentially unstable. Look at all of the horror movies that surround insane asylums, or people with schizophrenia who are cast as psychopathic murders. It s no surprise that mental illness has become something that people are in denial for or want to be kept hidden. And its not just the media that isShow MoreRelatedAccess Vs. Availability Of Mental Health Care2602 Words   |  11 Pages  Access vs. Availability Introduction In my lifetime, I have encountered many people who could have benefited with a greater availability of mental health care. By the time they were in high school, a lot of my friends had either PTSD, depression, anxiety, and the list goes on. Most of them could not afford to receive help, and a lot of them have attempted to take their lives away. Sure, there were school counselors, but their main focus is student’s schedules, not their student’s mental healthRead MoreImproving Access And Service Quality Of Mental Health Care3205 Words   |  13 PagesProviding Comprehensive, Integrated and Responsive Mental Health and Social Care Services in Community-based Settings (WHO 2013) One of the basic goals of integrated and responsive care is to improve access and service quality of mental health care by addressing the shortcomings of prevailing fragmented (primary health care and mental hospital services operating in silo), and ‘institutionalized’(i.e., specialize d physchatric-hospital/asylum based) mental facilities. 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Throughout life, we have good and bad experiences which affect how we handle situations. The Mental Health Awareness and Improvement Act of 2015 was passed on September 30, 2015. The purpose of this act is to improve programs ordered by the Department of Health and Human Services to increase awareness, preventionRead MoreDescription Of Clinical Problem Of Mental Health Care1238 Words   |  5 Pagesthe same access. Transportation to mental health follow up appointments can be challenging for rural consumers especially the elderly. Therefore, access can be challenging but with the education of consumers and their families, today consumers have a choice of whether or not to seek mental health serv ices. In the rural areas, there are many primary physicians. The primary physicians can be the catalysts for ensuring consumers that require mental health follow up continue their care. Like followRead MoreInadequacy Of The United States Mental Health Care System1104 Words   |  5 PagesStates Mental Health Care System: Barriers to Care According to the World Health Organization, mental illness will affect approximately 25% of people at some point in their life (â€Å"WHO Qualityrights†, n.d.). Despite that, the current mental health care system in the United States is inadequate. Many aspects of the system need improving, especially the barriers to service. In fact, approximately 20% of individuals are left without necessary treatment for their mental health disorder (â€Å"Mental Health†Read MoreMental Health Vs. Health Organization1325 Words   |  6 PagesMental Health Vs. Health Organization Human services field is a very broad field. There are many different types of human services organizations out there. To names a few of human services organizations are mental health, health, education, child welfare, and etc... Under each organization there are different human services workers with different tittle and responsibilities; to name a few of human services workers are psychologist, high school guidance counselor, teacher, rehabilitation specialist

Us Iran Relations Free Essays

string(230) " that the development of US interest in the whole situation is due to the fact that it was being flawed, selfish, competitive and ambitious due to its own goals, rather to solve the dispute for the betterment of Iran and Britain\." US-Iran Relations Acknowledgements I would like to thank my teacher, Ms. Mashal Shabbir. The supervision and support that she gave truly helped me in this project. We will write a custom essay sample on Us Iran Relations or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her cooperation is thus appreciated. Abstract This report explains the US-Iran relationships, how they changed over the period of time and what the main reasons for that change were. I tried to analyze these reasons according to the International Relations theories as well as my own opinion. The report includes the information mainly from 1940 to date. Discussion In the last days before the culmination of Iranian revolution the electricity workers in Tehran would turn off the lights each evening and then from the rooftops came the chant â€Å"God is Great† with another chant, â€Å"death to America† however with a much contradicting tone† (Cottom, 1988). These words themselves explain the intensity which lies in the US- Iran relationships since the Iranian revolution. European intrusion in Iran has been a prolonged one with immense prominence. Trade was one of the most significant reasons. Iran’s geographical position made it the central attention for the European traders, as the land route which joined the western and eastern worlds crossed Iran. Moreover, as Cottom explains in his book that the only presence of the Europeans in Iran was â€Å"a matter of national prestige†. That is this prestige not only advanced Europeans economically but politically too. US initially was viewed as a caring western country, who was not only sincere but also advocated human rights of freedom, moreover encouraged courage, independence as well as dignity for the people of Iran. Before 1940’s it had no economic interest in Iran plus only a minute aid was granted to Iran during the event of Soviet invasion in Iran, however this minute interest which US had in Iran was not long lived. Iran, blessed with one of the most precious reserves of oil attracted the western world immensely. With increasing industrialization especially in Britain as well as America oil was becoming one of the main ingredients of their success. The British government purchased a large amount of Anglo-Persian Oil Company’s (APOC) stock during the First World War. This oil company was a predecessor of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC). By the time of Iranian oil crisis almost half of APOC’s stock was in the hands of Britain. Iranians on the other hand were kept away from the high ranking positions in the oil company. Moreover neither did the royalty payments satisfied the Iranian government nor did the high levels of confidentiality which prevailed in the major decision making contended them, giving birth to a situation which benefited neither of the two parties. Thus during 1951-1953 Iran strived to gain power over its oil industry which gave hype to the sense of nationalism in Iranians. The leaders in Iran provided the stance that out of the ? 250 million of profits which AIOC made in the late 1940’s their royalty payments only counted for one third of the total amount that is ? 90 million (Mary Ann Heiss). On the part of British Empire â€Å"oil† had become an evil necessity not only economically but also to sustain its political position as â€Å"a great power† in the World. Thus this nationalization not only threatened its position in the Middle East but also could have blown its largest investment abroad. Iranians on the contrary were keen to achieve independence nationally and politically. Although they were well aware of the fact that this may lead to serious economic adversity in Iran, they wanted the British dominance abolished to be treated as a sovereign nation. Therefore Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadeq stressed upon full control over Iran’s internal and financial affairs. The increasing tension between Britain and Iran and the wavering issues led the United States (US) jump in the situation. For US however the main goal was not the interests of either party that is Iran or Britain but it had its own underlying concern. Thus this can be said that this was the first time that US was seriously involved in the internal affairs of Iran, marking the beginning of their relationship. The nationalism which the Iranian governments were emphasizing upon was very closely related to communism, in a sense that it could have given rise to autocracy, which at that time was not at all acceptable to US. As this movement by the Iranians could have led to open paths for the Soviet Union to the oil fields of Middle East, America did not want to jeopardize its position along with its power. Moreover this oss of oil industry would have led to serious economic setbacks in US. In her paper, â€Å"The United States and Great Britain Navigate the Anglo-Iranian Oil crisis† the author Mary Ann Hiess explains the US-Iran relations in three phases during the oil crisis. The first phase named â€Å"benevolent neutrality† lasted almost from 1950 till the mid of 1951. The US officials acted as responsible negotiators and reconciled with the idea of nationalization as well as also recognized the rights of the contract of AIOC. Escorting to the second phase which is known as’ â€Å"Era of Anglo-American Partnership†. This phase propagated accelerating ideological and policy empathy mainly between Washington and London. The third phase however was that of US interest, that is US was somewhat getting successful in its goals, termed as the era of US domination this phase highlights Eisenhower ‘s (president of US 1953) negotiations which led to the formation of international association that replaced AIOC with the nation’s own oil industry in 1954. Now that the US domination prevailed in Iran, the American officials along with the British bureaucrats decided to overthrow Mossadeq for harming Iran’s stability. Therefore mainly Britain decided to pursue an operation commonly known as the Coup. However the Coup ultimately turned to operation AJAX which was organized and financed by US. According to International relations theories America in this particular situation acted quite like the classical realists. As it is obvious that the development of US interest in the whole situation is due to the fact that it was being flawed, selfish, competitive and ambitious due to its own goals, rather to solve the dispute for the betterment of Iran and Britain. You read "Us Iran Relations" in category "Papers" The coup which occurred in august 19th 1953, basically aimed at overthrowing the government of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadeq to remove the dictatorship from Iran and pursue democracy. Mark J. Gasiorowski in his article, â€Å"The 1953 Coup D’etat in Iran† gives the account of the takeover. While US and the British officials were already considering overthrowing mossadeq from power, the situation in Iran was not a favourable as well. Many opponents of mossadeq had already started to take actions against him. Anti-mossadeq mobs were arranged to kill him. Iran already was facing huge economic turmoil now had to face political unrest as well. Looking at the situation the new American government of Eisenhower also began to consider the operation and finally decided to organise and aid the coup along with Britain. Mossadeq already was facing hostility from the citizens of Iran therefore it made even easier for US to propagate masses against him. With the help of BEDAMN-a political action- uprising was arranged along with continued disputes. Government offices, buildings of pro-mossadeq newspapers were attacked. Air force general along with the forces attacked mossadeq’s house killing around three hundred people. The very next day mossadeq surrendered to Zahedi, marking the end of the coup. This revolution undoubtedly had a long and deep affect on the US-Iran relationships. The question which arises here is that, was America’s interest in Iran’s internal affairs genuine? Well America as I discussed above is a realist approach led country which ranks its own personal interest on the top. Then being sincere towards Iran itself becomes a futile question. Most of the studies highlight that the main aim US had out of this coup was to get significant share in the oil industry. Moreover this can be proven accurate to some extent by if we notice the fact that immediately after coming into power Zahedi government granted almost 40% of the total oil industry’s share to American oil companies (Gasiorowski, 1987). However a contradicting fact that most of the American oil producing countries were not interested in the share basically due to nimiety of oil in the world market- mainly in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait- proves that this might not be the sole or the most imperative reason. Another perspective of the situation is the American fear of communist takeover. At the time of coup Cold war between Soviet Union and US was at its peak and of course America being governing in nature would not allow soviet’s expansion to become a threat to US dominance, power and sovereignty. Although this coup proved beneficial for Iran, as it gave birth to democracy but the fact that this triumph was not experienced solely on the basis of internal struggle. In reality Iran was made a subject of constant US intervention, thus somewhat abusing its decision making ability. After the coup Mohammad Raza Pahlavi was reinstated as the Shah of Iran. Many authors state Pahlavi was long supported by the US government, although they were aware of the malpractices and the corruption which prevailed in his regime. The shah was forced to flee out of Iran when widespread unrest originated on the part of civilians and a new, more religious leader, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was granted the power. However this offense motivated the Iranian students to take revenge from the US. On November 4th 979, the Iranian students drizzled into the US embassy situated in Tehran and took almost 52 American officials as hostages on the demand that the shah who fled away should come back to Iran for trial of the crimes he committed against Iranians. The situation lasted for about 444 days as the US administration driven by Jimmy Carter was doomed by the failed attempts in 1980. However the hostages were released on the day Ronald Reagan was sworn as the new US president on January 20th 1981. This incident however changed the diplomatic, economic and political landscape between Iran and US for the years to come. By capturing hostages Iranians proved their anger against American’s negligence over Iranians as well as the power which they could use against US to advance their welfare. Another episode of varying US-Iran relations begun in 1986,when Iran secretly asked US for help while it was at war with Iraq. Iran requested US to sell weapons, however Reagan wanted Iran to release seven of the US hostages which Iranian terrorists held. This however did not remain confidential for long, instead soon people discovered this Iran-Contra. US emphasized that this was an arms for hostages deal as well as tried to stress upon the fact that it will improve US-Iran relations. This improvement in the relationships of the two countries was not long lived as in 1988 the tragic incident of Iran’s airplane shot down shrunken the trust between US and Iran. On the morning of July 3rd 1988, commercial flight operated by Iran Air took off for Tehran-Bandar Abbas-Dubai route however it was its bad luck that it never reached Dubai. At the same time another plane or more generally a Missile cruiser of US navy known as the US Vincennes would pass over this commercial flight. The US Vincennes was at the Persian Gulf during the Iraq-Iran war. Vincennes saw another airplane flying towards the Persian Gulf however it thought that it identified it as a possible Iranian F-16 issuing various warnings and civil distress frequencies which of course never reaches the Iran Air. Thus after waiting for a bit the commander of Vincennes Captain Rogers ordered to fire two missiles at it. The Airbus was hit and soon it tumbled into flames killing around 290 innocent people in the flight. After the tragic incident the deterioration of the relations deepened as no severe action was taken against Captain Roger’s folly decision. Moreover it was just named a â€Å"mistake† by Pentagon. George W. Bush, vice president of US at that time declared a bold remark in Newsweek, â€Å"I will never apologize for the United States of America, ever. I don’t care what the facts are. † Thus this boldness highlights the rigidity that prevailed in American’s attitude. 1990’s a new decade, was begun with another policy implementation by the US. â€Å"dual containment† as it was known was a policy set up by Americans to isolate Iran and Iraq both economically and militarily mainly to achieve its own regional ambitions. US did not want any other countries to be in power and with the increasing influence of both Iran and Iraq; it saw its own position jeopardizing. US banned all trade, financial loans and services with Iran as it thought that the regime in Iran promoted terrorism and assassinations throughout the world. The beginning of a new millennium also marked a beginning of new tensions between the countries. US alleged Iran for expanding its nuclear activities and developing missile-related technology. It was threatening to the survival of US. Thus Iran was termed as the â€Å"axis of evil† by George W. Bush who by then was the president of US as according to them it enhanced terrorism. Ambitious in developing its nuclear base Iran continued to seek help from Russia and China despite US discontent. Throughout early 2000’s UN inspected Iran’s nuclear facilities. The reports said that there was no evidence of Iran producing atomic bomb but US considered it, â€Å"impossible to believe†. US kept on forcing Iran to suspend any of its nuclear progressions however Iran acted very firmly as proved by president Katami’s statement that its country will never give up its nuclear project and stressed its peaceful usage. The relations kept on becoming hostile, although America provided Iran with a humanitarian aid in 2003 because of the earthquake, it emphasized that this does not mark any thaw in their relationships. Throughout 2005 Iran’s nuclear program and uranium dispute remained a problem for US. For Americans it was of immense importance that Iran withdraws it activities as US secretary of state Condoleezza Rice explained , â€Å"US faces no greater challenge than Iran’s nuclear program†( BBC NEWS). However the new, more conservative president of Iran Ahmadinejad clearly stated that Iran has the right for peaceful progression of the nuclear project along with its announcement of successful enrichment of uranium. This prompted US to take strong steps against Iran. As for analysis purposes this can be considered that US and Iran were on a kind of cold war from the beginning of 2000. US major discontent was Iran’s nuclear program after all it was the prime threat to US continued existence. And for this reason US several times along with UN tried to impose sanctions over it. When nothing helped, President Bush accused Iran with Al-Qaeda. Thus stating that extremism prevailing in Iran could lead to adverse effects if nuclear program is continued. This brought huge military confrontation from Iran. Tensions prevailed as both countries accused one another either for spying or encouraging terrorism. To date the most destructive problem which prevails between the two countries is the Iran’s nuclear program. Several discussions have been held between the new presidents that is Barrack Obama and Ahmadinejad but no intelligent conclusion has been reached. This can be concluded that US interests had been objective in terms of truly helping Iran. US initially got interested in Iran due to the fact that it did not want Soviet Union to get advantage over the Iranian Oil industries. It wanted to achieve its own regional advantages over the most fertile country in the Middle East. However when Iran began to retaliate against US it posed great threat to their survival. The most significant example of this is the current tensions because of nuclear progression in Iran. Thus it can be concluded that US who undoubtedly follow the realists’ paradigm proved to be quite selfish when it came to their sovereignty. They made use of the dominance principal on several occasions as it did not want any other country to become a greater power. Iran on the other hand acted differently. It was basically on the leaders of Iran which determined its behavior towards America. Those who were pro American acted exactly as America wanted them too for example Zahedi, Pahlavi. Others contradicted its policies and behaviour. They acted the way they thought was better for Iran, moreover stood strong in front of America for their rights such as Khomeini, Ahmadinejad. Thus the relations varied and contoured during different phases of US-Iran history. References about. com. (n. d. ). The Iran-Contra Affair. Retrieved from http://usforeignpolicy. about. com: http://usforeignpolicy. about. com/gi/o. htm? zi=1/XJamp;zTi=1amp;sdn=usforeignpolicyamp;cdn=newsissuesamp;tm=7117amp;f=11amp;tt=2amp;bt=1amp;bts=1amp;zu=http%3A//www. pbs. org/wgbh/amex/reagan/peopleevents/pande08. html Anthony Cordesman, S. F. (n. d. ). DUAL CONTAINMENT: SLOGAN OR POLICY? Bernard Gwertzman, C. E. (2012, March 6). Crisis-Managing How to cite Us Iran Relations, Papers

Costco Presentation free essay sample

1. What is Costco business model? Costco business model is to generate high sales volume and rapid inventory turnover by offering fee paying members attractively low prices on a limited selection of nationally branded and selected private-label products in a wide range of merchandise categories. Is the company’s business model appealing? Why or why not? I do agree that the business model is appealing because people want to feel like they are exclusive with VIP treatment and they would be able to buy the name brand items they love for exceptionally lower than average price. 2. What are the chief elements of Costco’s strategy? Ultra low prices Limited selection of nationally branded and private label products â€Å"Treasure Hunt† shopping environment Strong emphasis on low operation cost Geographical expansion How good is the strategy? The low prices keeps the customers coming back Costco offers more product selection than the avg supermarket Keeping overhead cost down allows Costco to offer better value eliminating cost history associated with conventional wholesalers and retailers The growth of the company was intended to show 5% growth, however, the existing warehouses grew by an avg. We will write a custom essay sample on Costco Presentation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page of 10% 3. Do you think Jim Sinegal has been an effective CEO? What grades would you give him in leading the process of crafting and executing Costco’s strategy? What support can you offer for these grades? Refer to figure 2.1 in developing your answers. Yes, I do think that Jim Sinegal has been very effective as CEO. For grading, I would give Jim Sinegal an A because of the increase of profits to 4. What core values or business principles has Jim Sinegal stressed at Costco? Obey the law Take care of members Take care of employees Respect suppliers Reward shareholders 5. What is the competition like in the North American Wholesalers Club? Competition among the warehouse clubs (Costco, Sam’s Club, BJ’s Wholesale Club) are based on such factors as price, merchandise, quality and selection, location and membership services. The competition becomes much greater because of the attraction to small business owners, family households, churches, non-profit organizations, caters and small restaurants 7. Is Costco financial performance superior to that at Sam’s Club and BJ’s Wholesale? Yes, Costco financial status has 57% share of warehouse club sales across US and Canada, Sam’s Club has 35% share and BJ’s Wholesale has 8% along with several small warehouse club competitors. 10. Are Costco prices to low? Why or why not? Yes, Costco prices would be considered too low because the revenue does not fully cover the operating expenses of the company and generate only a modest contribution to operating profits. 70% of Costco operating profits were attributed to membership fees and the membership fees were larger than the company’s net income. 11. Costco Compensation Practices Costco compensation is what the company thinks about its employees and how they value them. Employees will work to their highest potential and go above and beyond the call of duty for greater compensation either tangible or non-tangible. Its not surprising that the employees are well compensated because the company understand that good compensation comes with lower turn over employee rates, the employees are more loyal and the work relationship between the employee and employer are better valued. 12. What recommendations would you make to Costco top management regarding how best to sustain the company’s growth and improve its financial performance? Recommendations: Customer loyalty: Lower the prices of the customer memberships and increase markups for pricing to have more increase in revenue Increase membership by offering discounted membership rate to those customers that switch from Sam’s Club and BJ’s Wholesalers Review inventory and items that are not customer driven should be eliminated which would keep funding either towards another merchandise or will be able to keep the funds to stay as apart of the companies revenue. Build competitive advantages by increasing advertisements to broadcast the company via television, radio and internet for increase in customer membership.

Profit Maximisation Model Essay Example

Profit Maximisation Model Essay Profit Maximization model helps to predict the price-output behavior of a firm under changing market conditions like tax rates, wages and salaries, bonus, the degree of availability of resources, technology, fashions, tastes and preferences of consumers etc. It is a very simple and unambiguous model. It is the single most ideal model that can explain the normal behavior of a firm. It is often argued that no other alternative hypothesis can explain and predict the behavior of business firms better than profit-maximization hypothesis.This model gives a proper insight in to the working behavior of a firm. There are well developed mathematical models to explain this hypothesis in a systematic and scientific manner. Profit-maximization implies earning highest possible amount of profits during a given period of time. A firm has to generate largest amount of profits by building optimum productive capacity both in the short run and long run depending upon various internal and external factor s and forces.There should be proper balance between short run and long run objectives. In the short run a firm is able to make only slight or minor adjustments in the production process as well as in business conditions. The plant capacity in the short run is fixed and as such, it can increase its production and sales by intensive utilization of existing plants and machineries, having over time work for the existing staff etc. Thus, in the short run, a firm has its own technical and managerial constraints.But in the long run, as there is plenty of time at the disposal of a firm, it can expand and add to the existing capacities, build up new plants, employ additional workers etc to meet the rising demand in the market. Thus, in the long run, a firm will have adequate time and ample opportunity to make all kinds of adjustments and readjustments in production process and in its marketing strategies. It is to be noted with great care that a firm has to maximize its profits after taking in to consideration of various factors in to account.They are as follows: 1. Pricing and business strategies of rival firms and its impact on the working of the given firm. 2. Aggressive sales promotion policies adopted by rival firms in the market. 3. Without inducing the workers to demand higher wages and salaries leading to rise in operation costs. 4. Without inducing the workers to demand higher wages and salaries government controls and takeovers. 5. Maintaining the quality of the product and services to the customers. 6.Taking various kings of risks and uncertainties in the changing business environment. 7. Adopting a stable business policy. 8. Avoiding any sort of clash between short run and long run profits in the business policy and maintaining proper balance between them. 9. Maintaining its reputation, name, fame and image in the market. 10. Profit maximization is necessary in both perfect and imperfect markets. In a perfect market, a firm is a price-taker and under imperf ect market it becomes a price-searcher.

Moses, Jesus and Muhammad Essays

Moses, Jesus and Muhammad Essays Moses, Jesus and Muhammad Essay Moses, Jesus and Muhammad Essay Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad are today considered as three of the greatest prophets in the world. They portrayed themselves as religious figures as well as the messengers of god. There teachings are believed by many people and they have many followers. While Moses and Muhammad are projected as the prophets, Jesus is considered to be the son of god. They established a monotheistic belief and believed that they were the only god and there is only one god to follow. It was thought that both Jesus and Muhammad were the messengers from god carrying the same message. However, people believed in the experience and the influence of each, which led to the formation of two different religions. While Moses was called the founder of the religion of Israel. Moses became the leader of the Israelites after leading them out of slavery from Egypt. He was believed as the â€Å"servant of god† by his followers. While leading them out of Egypt on the way to Mount Sinai, Moses was given a set of rules by god, called The Ten Commandments to give to his people. The Ten Commandments stated the 10 rules that would guide people to be good. The rules included something like one most not steal, lie, commit adultery or do anything that would harm others. The meaning of the Ten Commandments was to spread love among people and lead them to live their life in a correct way. Moses was appointed as a prophet by god. There were three incidents that are mentioned in Torah that led god appoint Moses as a prophet. As a young kid, Moses sees an Egyptian man beating up a Jewish slave, who led him to kill the Egyptian and the next day he is trying to make peace between the two Hebrews. These were the three qualifications in god’s eye which made him appoint him as a prophet. Jesus was believed as a son of the god by many people. His teachings showed people how to be a good person in their life; he showed people how they should love each other and should have no hatred among them; how they should respect and treat others. He showed people the meaning of love and thought them how to love and care. He started to have many followers and his followers became to be known as Christians and they believed that this Jesus was the son of God. They believed he was the son of the god because of his three basic miracles and they were: healing the sick; multiplies the food and raises the dead. His disciples were told to go and preach in different towns and cure the people by miracles to prove them that there is a god and they are their disciples. Jesus too believed in The Ten Commandments and these Ten Commandments have shaped up as laws of today’s society because they are very precisely defined by Jesus. People visit to churches where his teachings are preached which lets people believe that the god existed. The Ten Commandments has helped people realize how good of a person they are and have made them realize their crimes. The followers of these commandments will get salvation. The idea that Jesus serves today is that he wants all his followers to love him more than he does his parents or daughter and son. He wants people to praise him and spend time for him. Another thing Jesus wants people to believe is the life after death. Jesus describes that when a spirit of a man who is unclean will wander around looking for a place to live which he never finds it and ends up in a place with several other spirits which are worse than him. Muhammad was the founder of the Islamic religion and was believed as the last prophet of god. The word Islam comes from an Arabic word meaning peace, giving in, and respect. Mohammed’s teachings and his experiences influenced people to follow him, and his followers became known as Muslims. Mohammed was not a creator of the Islam religion; he was just a restorer of the monotheistic faith. He is believed as the last and the greatest prophets. Today Muslims in the world follow his ways, traditions, and custom. He started to preach at the age or 40 in the month of Ramadan when he first received a message from god. He then revealed the messaged and stared preaching it publicly. His preaching’s are still playing a major role today where people have surrendered their lives to god and are following the five Pillars. Just like there are Ten Commandments in the Christianity there are Five Pillars in Islam. The Five pillars are the five basic rules in Islam that everyone must follow. His followers are to follow the 5 pillars all the time in their life. They have pray 5 times a day, they all have faith, give alms, fast during the month of Ramadan and have to visit Hadj once in their life. The women in Islamic religion have to follow and obey more rules than men. Islamic women should not show their face in public, they are only allowed to show their face to their husband only. They cover their face also for a religious purpose. Even in Hinduism when a woman visits to temple their head must be covered in order to give respect to their God. In Muslim countries there are specific times that are set for people to leave their work and pray five times in a day. In my opinion I think it is a great rule that is set because it than ecomes mandatory for everyone to pray and increases faith in people. A Muslim is the one who believes in god and does his best to live a life like Muhammad and lives according to the principles of Muhammad. To live a life of Muhammad is like living a perfect life. These were the three great prophets in the world and their teachings are being thought in many different places. Their teachings and their experiences are being thought throughout the world which is influencing more and more people. Each religion has different way of teaching but they all serve the same meaning of living a perfect life.

Value based purchasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Value based purchasing - Essay Example This situation where we need to provoke health care employees to serve clients should change and they should voluntarily provide best care to their clients. Here, we intend to prove that, value added purchasing need to be eliminated as this destroys the commitment and voluntary assisting nature of health care employees. Logically, it is arguable that, the idea of permitting bonus to the health care employees to provide quality health care is non beneficial for the employers of health care industry. As pr (Porter)â€Å"Value based purchasing is, however, a critical external motivator in establishing a business case for why providers of care should embrace, leads, and implements the reengineering of healthcare delivery†. From a logos concept, health care professionals need to be concentrating solely on the idea of providing the best health care treatment to their clients as it is the ethical law of their duty When it comes to ethos, the focus is on the policies and statutory laws of the health care professional and industry. A health care provider, especially the nurses, by the nature of their professional law is liable to perform quality service as they work on ethics and moral standards. As per (Butt) â€Å"Historically, a primary value consideration in nursing ethics has been the determination of the focus of the nurses’ work†. On the other hand, the pathos concentrates on the emotional background, where the health care professional needs to understand the pain and suffering undergone by their clients and serve them with utmost care. The allotment of bonus to the health care professional is in real sense, blocking the development of their commitment to the job. Ultimately there is no need of a plan for quality service by health care professional as the job by its nature itself demands high quality. Today health care industry is a wide spread business, where the employers attempt to earn profit in a short cut manner. According to (Mathews)â€Å"Hospitals are

Strategic Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic Marketing - Research Paper Example The analysis of the competitive environment of Skoda shows that, there is a very high threat of new entrants. The major competitors in the Super mini segment in the UK car industry in recent times are Corsa, Fiesta, Clio, 206 and Punto. Among the main competitors the inter-firm rivalry is very high. High competition gives rise to stiff rivalry. In this situation if we analyze the strengths of Skoda cars, we can know that the company has a very strong brand image. The brand image is created through its strong reliability and quality and good performance statistics. The strong brand image has resulted in increasing market share and profits. The following graph shows the growth in the market share of Skoda cars: The strong market position has resulted in a very low threat of substitutes. The image of Skoda cars has taken a drastic change, from a very dull model to a sexy car. Hence, this has made the bargaining power of the consumers very low. The strong product features combined with the effective advertising strategy has made the consumers turn their focus away from the price tag. The distribution network of the company is very strong because of strategic alliances and partnerships with dealers and suppliers. The strong market position has brought down the bargaining power of the suppliers and the company has benefitted by consolidating its supply chain which is very essential in maintaining the quality of the product. It is obvious that in any ... If the customer likes a product/ service, then the company starts to grow and its relative strengths also tend to increase and the company strives to serve the customer better and this becomes a cycle. In case of Skoda cars, the same argument holds good. The quality of the car speaks high about the company which is obvious in its financial results and this has increased its bargaining power of the company with its suppliers. Also the preference of the consumers towards the car has increased which has further increased its bargaining power with the consumers. But the point that has to be taken into consideration is that, there is a very high level of rivalry among the existing firms and also there is a high threat of new competition. The five forces suggested by Porter has to be combined with SWOT analysis, to adopt differentiation as its main strategy to stay ahead of competitors. The differentiation now planned by the company is regarding the research and development. Skoda has abou t 1300 engineers dedicated to develop new trendy designs taking into consideration the nature of Asian and Eastern Europe. In future the company has to focus on its strength of design and performance to have competitive advantage. Also it has to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of its competitors and has to combine with its own strengths to develop a differentiation strategy. COMPANY'S RESOURCES The analysis of the current resources of the company to develop a sustainable competitive strategy is very essential. The following are some of the resources that the company has which can be used to develop a strategy to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage: The company has a very long history of developing fine designs. Its

Summary of recent PCAOB actions that impact an audit, its auditors and Research Paper

Summary of recent PCAOB actions that impact an audit, its auditors and its audit committee - Research Paper Example Moreover, the PCAOB oversees the registration of public accounting bodies responsible for auditing publicly traded companies, conducts disciplinary proceedings and investigations of registered firms, inspects the registered firms’ practices, and approves registered firms (Carmichael 6). Recently, The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) has suggested new guidelines aimed at investors’ protection via strengthening prerequisites for audit substantiation. One of these guidelines includes inspections, which is an effort by PCAOB to promote high quality audit. Annual inspection oversees the improvement of quality audit. PCAOB requires any audit firm auditing a public company to be registered with PCAOB. Such a firm is inspected annually by the PCAOB if it audits 100 or more publicly traded companies or after every three years if it audits less than 100 public companies (Knapp 62). Results obtained after inspection help point out areas which require further practice, audit guidance, reminders training, or enhanced skills leading to better performance by audit professionals. A report is prepared after every inspection by the PCAOB and made available to public. Recently, the PCAOB added more responsibilities to the audit committee which include responsibility of overseeing the work of external auditors, compensation, and appointment (Carmichael 25). The committee is obliged by SOX to comprise of at least one person with financial expertise in order to facilitate its duties. With some expertise, the audit committee is in a better position to challenge financial statements, ascertain the appropriateness and sufficiency of internal controls, and, if need be, perform certain accounting procedures to safeguard interests of Shareholders. Companies that lack a financial expert as a member of the audit committee are required to disclose and give an explanation for this in the yearly proxy

Working With Different Service User Groups

Working With Different Service User Groups Explore the challenges faced by the differences in working with three Service User Groups adults, older people and children. Discuss how, by drawing on relevant life course theories, your communication skills would need to be modified in order to meet these challenges and remain effective, anti-discriminatory and anti-oppressive. Interacting via communication with Service users is of one of the highest important aims for social / care workers providing care. Each individual case is unique and I will be explaining how communication skills differ from each person to the next. There are many different life course theories that can be used to explain how a person develops through the stages of life. In this assignment I will be looking at Eric Bernes Transactional analysis for the adult group and showing how adults have to change their tone and manner as they are seen as the teachers for the next generation. I will be explaining Cunning and Henrys Disengagement theory as this is a very important phase for older people and communication can be limited because of the perils of old age. Also I will be looking at Piagets cognitive development theory and Bolwbys attachment theory in relation to children and how these theories affect communication. Eriksons eight stages of psychosocial development contains elements for all three age groups so I will be looking briefly at the different stages involved, and I will also be looking at any challenges that occur within the groups and what skills are needed to overcome this via social work / care workers. Interacting via communication with Service users is of one of the highest important aims for social / care workers providing care. Each individual case is unique and I will be explaining how communication skills differ from each one person to the next. There are many different life course theories that can be used to explain how a person goes through the stages of life. For adults I will be taking you through Eric Bernes Transactional analysis and for the elderly group I will look at Cunning and Henry Disengagement Theory and how this affects communication for the older generation and then I will be looking at Piagets cognitive development theory and Bowlbys attachment theory and how these theories affect communication within the childrens group. Then I will be showing how Eriksons eight stages of psychosocial development are involved in all three service user groups and I will also be looking at any challenges that occur within the groups and what skills are needed to overcome this via social work / care workers. A life course is the advancement a person takes from birth to cessation (Crawford and Walker, 2003 p. 3) Also (Newman and Newman, 2007 p. 185) shows the life course as a perspective which helps to explain how altering societal predicaments affect development and combination of the phases of family and work life over a number of years. (Fiske, 1982 p. 2) explains communication as being an action that every person can identify with, by talking, listening to the television or distributing knowledge these are all forms of communication. He describes two main studies of communication as being either an expression of words or a creation and replacement of meanings. If we take a look at the Transactional analysis theory (Woods, 2010) shows that Eric Bernes theory was about ego states which are parent, adult and child. It covers a wide range of exclusive advancement including communication, behaviour and personality. Looking at adult communication he saw this as being the main voice used to influence the whole learning process. He believes that if someone is talking in a childish manner automatically the adult will respond with a voice of authority, either in a sarcastic tone or a caring parenting manner. (Chapman, 1995) also shows that transactional analysis is used for therapeutic, personal development and communication; it helps a person understand ones self. To communicate we use our own feelings which can shift at any one given time, and to reply we will use the exact way of thinking. So to have stable conversations an adult needs to act interested to what is being said and show the person speaking that they have their full attention and thi s will make for a stronger relationship between them both. Favourable communication according to (Weger and Polcar, 2002) is the basic domain of an interpersonal friendship. If you offer support and are willing to provide comfort through good and bad times then this will in turn be a healthy natural relationship. (Wolvin, 2010 p.144) believes the art of communication is to listen, with doing this you are better able to understand the concept of communicating, and then you can identify and evaluate the question helping you to make sense of it. Behavioural issues can be defined by a persons determined state, they show up as objectives and by using these objectives a person will come up with a way of achieving their potential via talking. So by communicating it is up to the individual to put as much information into the conversation so the recipient can define their answer to make it a purposeful state (Ackoff, 1958) (Nussbaum, 2000) states that elderly people have to regularly change their lifestyle to adapt to adjustments associated with getting older. Age can cause many challenges for communication, examples are: memory loss or loss of hearing. Because of these it could take considerable time for any acknowledgement whilst trying to communicate, they may tend to make inaccurate sentences and be less sensitive about issues that may otherwise hurt someone elses feelings. There are many theories linked to prosperous aging examples of these are: continuity theory, activity theory, socioemotional selectivity theory and disengagement theory. Looking at the disengagement theory (Maddox, 1964) states that the disengagement is the final stage of the life course process. Life goals are a very important phrase in everybodys life and this seems to extend through to the older generation also. The belief is that psychological departure leads to total exclusion from the older persons social life, and without this communication will be very limited as they may not have any family of friends visiting on a daily basis. Communication with older people can be a complicated process. At the time when it is needed the most communication seems to be a burden because of the life processes which come with the old age. To overcome some of the frustrations of speaking to an older person if you allow extra time for them to speak and sit face to face with them, then if there is any hearing loss at least the person can watch your lips to understand what you are saying to them. If you speak slowly and clearly or even write down some of the conversation to explain in a bit more detail this then will help the person immensely and by doing this you are showing respect and helpfulness towards to person you are talking to (Robinson et al. 2006) There are many challenges involved with working with older people, (Hepple, 2004) shows there are many approaches that can be used to try and boost communication issues. Group and behavioural approach or reality familiarisation is widely used to try and amend the forgotten memories. Whichever approach is used will depend mainly on the resources of the institution that is providing the care plan for the service users involved. Looking at Piagets cognitive development (Feldman, 2004) believes that his work was not the dominant competitor for a while but now it has accomplished extensive significance to researchers again. Some critics thought his work was to complex and to widespread but his stages still form the basis of the developing mind. (Boeree, 1999) shows the stages of development for a child as being the Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations and the formal operations stage. According to (Koprowska, 2005 p. 97) a baby within the first couple of months will try and make blubbering noises in response to you talking to them and will only start trying to develop simple words by the age of one. So the best means of communication with young children would be via play and interaction. Children do not enjoy sitting for long periods of time so by drawing or innovative games could be the easiest way for communication to take place for the younger age groups in Piagets stages. (Geddes, 2007) believes that using Bowlbys attachment theory will help in the understanding of sensitive experiences which in turn helps you to communicate with young children. The basis of communication is to show your inner self via your feelings, thoughts and creativity. So by looking at Bowlby, the attachment for a child will help with their future experiences if the start of their life is one of security within a family unit. The child then will be able to examine the world and if there are any pressures they can always return to their safe haven for security. With a negative attachment a child will struggle with communication and relationships. They tend to be insecure and prefer to keep themselves to themselves as they dont respond well to any attention and can start to be disruptive and aggressive because they feel vulnerable and out of their depth. The Children Act 1989 sets out the rights of the child, so the child needs to engage in any outcomes that will modify their lives and future. Social workers need impressive skills in communication as there are many barriers that can stop any interaction with the child so they need the ability to be able to cope under any form of pressure or obstacle placed before them. Social workers deal with many families and young children all with very different backgrounds examples of these are: children who are leaving care, children who have behavioural problems and children who may have health problems or disabilities, each case is different so the social worker needs to be able to produce a care plan and have the skills in place to communicate on every different level to provide the best possible care for the service users involved. (Koprowska, 2005 p. 94) Eriksons eight stages of psychosocial development involve all three age groups, when looking at children Eriksons stages progress through at least four of them. (Adoption media, 1995) states that if a child wants to proceed onto the next stage they need to complete the one before. A child will develop trust if well cared for and be insecure if not; this will show up in all the stages there is a negative to every positive. So a child will only learn from what they are taught and if they are shown the right way to develop through the various stages then as they become parents they will be secure and happy to show their children the right upbringing to carry on the process to the next generation. (Zastrow and Ashman, 2007 p. 444) states that the seventh stage of Eriksons life development is Generativity versus stagnation. Generativity is instructing family and friends to make improvements in their lives to make the future better for their offspring. This will involve safeguarding and improving the lives of future generations for a better quality of life. Stagnation on the other hand is the selfish side of the stage, adults who only think about their own needs and are not willing to take anyone elses feelings into consideration. (Greene and Kropf, 2009 p. 90) shows Eriksons final stage as being Integrity versus Despair. Absoluteness is achieved if the person involved has leaded a full and complete life, dealing with everyday disappointments as well as accomplishments successfully. Despair on the other hand is for the people who fear death and the ones who have not accomplished everything they wanted to do in their lives and wish for another chance to achieve this. If communication is not sort in the identity stage (Sanchez, 2002) states that this could affect self confidence in later life. New ideas start from communication, a person needs to be able to express their thoughts and feelings. Interpersonal communication through all of Eriksons stages will help an individual have a healthy developed identity. (SCIE 2010) shows how social workers have to work by their codes of ethics and values showing respect, empathy and a genuine helpfulness towards the service user they are working with. They will always provide a complete care package to help empower the individual to deliver the best possible outcome. If the social care worker uses an interpersonal approach this in turn will guide the service user to help them decide how their care is achieved and help make the decision process a group decision, so communication is a key element to this approach which will then help with the relationship between the user and the social care worker. To summarise there are many different ways to communicate with the three service user groups. People who work in the social work/care sector are trained to be able to customise their expertise to care and communicate at all levels. If the care worker shows empathy and helpfulness they will get more back from the service user then they would if you started the conversation with an aggressive attitude. Service users what to be listened to, they want you to understand what care they expect. You will have to change the way you speak in all different circumstances, speaking to children will be completely different to speaking to an adult or an elderly person. Body language and facial gestures also show as an important part of communicating with someone, even repeating what the other has said will show that you are taking them seriously. You need to be able to change your approach for all different situations and use different interventions to cater for each individual seeking care. Word count 2055

The Deception of Visual Memory :: Photography Essays

The Deception of Visual Memory What is visual memory? And what does it mean to remember through images? Unlike verbal memory, visual memory functions primarily through a dependence on its materiality, on the texture and availability of the paintings, icons, photographs, films, and video clips that give it shape. We remember whole events through condensed images that reduce complex and multidimensional phenomena into memorable scenes. The meanings of wars, political conflicts, tragic romances, and cataclysmic disasters can all be found within a painter's brush or a camera's lens, as in Emanuel Leutze's 1851 rendition of George Washington crossing the Delaware River or Joe Rosenthal's photographic capture of the flag-raising atop Iwo Jima during World War II. The materiality of visual memory is deceptive, in that it overstates elements of the visual that cater particularly well to memory work. Visual memory depends on images that are simplified, conventional, schematic, and often composite. These images tend to arbitrarily connect with the event or object being remembered, rarely making explicit how they construct what we see and remember. Collectively held images thus act as signposts, directing people who remember to preferred meaning by the fastest route. These signposts are deceptive, favoring certain strategies for making, collecting, retaining, storing, recycling, and forgetting images that privilege certain ways of remembering over others. With photographs, visual memory's deception is particularly acute.We need only think of the photo of a dazed Jackie Kennedy gazing upon the swearing-in of Lyndon Baines Johnson as the next U.S. President or of the image of a small boy, his hands stretched above his head, being herded out of the Warsaw Ghetto by German soldiers, to recognize how well photographs work as vehicles of memory. But their strength is offset by the fact that in memory, one function of photography - its ability to "tell it like it is," commonly called its verisimilitude - is understated in order to privilege a second function - the ability of the photo to act as a symbol. In memory, then, contingent details matter less than the way in which contingent details are made part of a larger interpretive scheme. Holocaust photography bears this out with troubling implications for our understanding of contemporary atrocity. Photos of the liberation of the Nazi concentration camps in 1945 were recorded with inaccurate or incomplete captions, with few credits, and with an uneven relationship to the words at their side.